Difference between revisions of "Hazard"
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| − | Since the terms "[[Threat]] and "[[Hazard]]" present significant similarities, a usage example is presented below in order to link the two terms with rlated entries of [[CIPedia©_Main_Page|CIPedia©]]. | + | Since the terms "[[Threat]]" and "[[Hazard]]" present significant similarities, a usage example is presented below in order to link the two terms with rlated entries of [[CIPedia©_Main_Page|CIPedia©]]. |
'''Example''': The weather report indicated that a flood ''[[threat]]/[[hazard]]'' would be emerging. Shortly there-after, an extreme weather event occurred, bringing heavy rainfall. This led to a flooding [[incident]] along the Elbe. As [[impact|impacts]] of the flood, a bridge collapsed because it was damaged by the flood, a dike broke and a flooded purification plant ceased operation. Indirect [[impact|impacts]] were the interruption of road and rail traffic across the bridge, water transport blocked by the collapsed bridge and production of drinking water along the banks of the Elbe had to be stopped. The [[consequence|consequences] of the flooding incidents were: Seven casualties, an economical damage of 67 Million Euros, and 50 square kilometres of polluted agricultural area. The flooding incident at the Elbe led to several cascading effects of CI. The collapsed bridge affected the road, rail, and water transport in the area. The pollution due to the purification plant led to an interruption of drinking water production.” | '''Example''': The weather report indicated that a flood ''[[threat]]/[[hazard]]'' would be emerging. Shortly there-after, an extreme weather event occurred, bringing heavy rainfall. This led to a flooding [[incident]] along the Elbe. As [[impact|impacts]] of the flood, a bridge collapsed because it was damaged by the flood, a dike broke and a flooded purification plant ceased operation. Indirect [[impact|impacts]] were the interruption of road and rail traffic across the bridge, water transport blocked by the collapsed bridge and production of drinking water along the banks of the Elbe had to be stopped. The [[consequence|consequences] of the flooding incidents were: Seven casualties, an economical damage of 67 Million Euros, and 50 square kilometres of polluted agricultural area. The flooding incident at the Elbe led to several cascading effects of CI. The collapsed bridge affected the road, rail, and water transport in the area. The pollution due to the purification plant led to an interruption of drinking water production.” | ||
Revision as of 22:56, 18 May 2014
The definitions of the terms "Hazard" and "Threat" are very similar, so maybe the terms do not need to be distinguished. An usage example of the above terms is presented on the discussion section of the current entry.
Contents
Definitions
Official European Definition
Other International Definitions
UNISDR
A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage. [1] The hazards of concern to disaster risk reduction as stated in footnote 3 of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)[2] are “… hazards of natural origin and related environmental and technological hazards and risks.” Such hazards arise from a variety of geological, meteorological, hydrological, oceanic, biological, and technological sources, sometimes acting in combination. In technical settings, hazards are described quantitatively by the likely frequency of occurrence of different intensities for different areas, as determined from historical data or scientific analysis.
National Definitions
US Definition
Natural or manmade source or cause of harm or difficulty. [3]
Standard Definition
source of potential harm [ISOG73]
possible source of danger, or conditions physical or operational, that have a capacity to produce a particular type of adverse effects [ISO22399]
Discussion
Since the terms "Threat" and "Hazard" present significant similarities, a usage example is presented below in order to link the two terms with rlated entries of CIPedia©.
Example: The weather report indicated that a flood threat/hazard would be emerging. Shortly there-after, an extreme weather event occurred, bringing heavy rainfall. This led to a flooding incident along the Elbe. As impacts of the flood, a bridge collapsed because it was damaged by the flood, a dike broke and a flooded purification plant ceased operation. Indirect impacts were the interruption of road and rail traffic across the bridge, water transport blocked by the collapsed bridge and production of drinking water along the banks of the Elbe had to be stopped. The [[consequence|consequences] of the flooding incidents were: Seven casualties, an economical damage of 67 Million Euros, and 50 square kilometres of polluted agricultural area. The flooding incident at the Elbe led to several cascading effects of CI. The collapsed bridge affected the road, rail, and water transport in the area. The pollution due to the purification plant led to an interruption of drinking water production.”
The last sentence shows that cascading effects need not result from damage, but can be a shutdown as a mitigation action to prevent further harm (to people, to a critical infrastructure, to economy).
See also
- Biological Hazard
- Geological Hazard
- Hydrometeorological Hazard
- Natural Hazard
- Socio-natural Hazard
- Technological Hazard
