Difference between revisions of "Critical Infrastructure Sector"
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* Banking and Finance, | * Banking and Finance, | ||
* Central Government / Government Services, | * Central Government / Government Services, | ||
− | * (Tele-)Communication / Information and Communication Technologies(ICT), | + | * (Tele-)Communication / Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), |
* Emergency / Rescue Services, | * Emergency / Rescue Services, | ||
* Energy / Electricity, | * Energy / Electricity, | ||
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=== National Definitions === | === National Definitions === | ||
− | ==== UK ==== | + | ==== Netherlands ==== |
+ | <big>Netherlands' national infrastructure is currently (2005 definition) categorised by twelve critical sectors and 31 subsectors <ref>[http://www.nctv.nl/onderwerpen/nv/voorkomen-voorbereiden/bescherming-vitale-infrastructuur/ Vitale infrastructuursectoren]</ref>: | ||
+ | # energy: electric power, gas, and oil | ||
+ | # telecommunications and IT: fixed and mobile communications, radio, broadcasting, and internet | ||
+ | # drinking water (supply) | ||
+ | # food: food supply, and food safety | ||
+ | # health: emergency and other hospital care, medicines, and vaccines | ||
+ | # financial services: payments (bank retail), and financial transfers by the Administration | ||
+ | # surface water: water quality and water quantity (stemming and managing) | ||
+ | # public order and safety | ||
+ | # legal order/justice: courts and detention, and law enforcement | ||
+ | # public administration: diplomacy, information services by the Administration, defence, and decision-making | ||
+ | # transport: mainport Schiphol, mainport Rotterdam, main road infrastructure, main inland shipping infrastructure, and rail infrastructure | ||
+ | # chemical and nuclear industry: transport, storage, production, and processing of dangerous materials | ||
+ | |||
+ | Each critical sector falls under the responsibility of a designated ministry.</big> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== United Kingdom (UK) ==== | ||
<big>UK's national infrastructure is categorised into nine sectors<ref> [http://www.cpni.gov.uk/about/cni/ Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI)]</ref>: | <big>UK's national infrastructure is categorised into nine sectors<ref> [http://www.cpni.gov.uk/about/cni/ Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI)]</ref>: | ||
# communications | # communications |
Revision as of 18:09, 14 July 2014
Each national or international strategy and policy identifies different categories of sectors that are considered to offer vital services and thus require protection. A 2008 survey examined the policies of 25 countries and identifies as the most frequently mentioned the following sectors:
- Banking and Finance,
- Central Government / Government Services,
- (Tele-)Communication / Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
- Emergency / Rescue Services,
- Energy / Electricity,
- Health Services,
- Food,
- Transportation / Logistics / Distribution, and
- Water (Supply).
The study comments that "these are the core sectors of modern societies, and possibly the areas where a large-scale interruption would be most devastating" [1].
Contents
Definitions
European Definitions
Council Directive 2008/114/EC
The EU directive identifies the following two sectors and their respective sub-sectors[2]:
I Energy
- Electricity: Infrastructures and facilities for generation and transmission of electricity in respect of supply electricity
- Oil: Oil production, refining, treatment, storage and transmission by pipelines
- Gas: (a) Gas production, refining, treatment, storage and transmission by pipelines, (b) LNG terminals
II Transport
- Road transport
- Rail transport
- Air transport
- Inland waterways transport
- Ocean and short-sea shipping and ports
Other International Definitions
UNISDR
UNISDR presents the following examples of critical infrastructures:
National Definitions
Netherlands
Netherlands' national infrastructure is currently (2005 definition) categorised by twelve critical sectors and 31 subsectors [4]:
- energy: electric power, gas, and oil
- telecommunications and IT: fixed and mobile communications, radio, broadcasting, and internet
- drinking water (supply)
- food: food supply, and food safety
- health: emergency and other hospital care, medicines, and vaccines
- financial services: payments (bank retail), and financial transfers by the Administration
- surface water: water quality and water quantity (stemming and managing)
- public order and safety
- legal order/justice: courts and detention, and law enforcement
- public administration: diplomacy, information services by the Administration, defence, and decision-making
- transport: mainport Schiphol, mainport Rotterdam, main road infrastructure, main inland shipping infrastructure, and rail infrastructure
- chemical and nuclear industry: transport, storage, production, and processing of dangerous materials
Each critical sector falls under the responsibility of a designated ministry.
United Kingdom (UK)
UK's national infrastructure is categorised into nine sectors[5]:
- communications
- emergency services
- energy
- financial services
- food
- government
- health
- transport
- water
USA
The 2009 NIPP [6] defines a sector as
Presidential Policy Directive 21 (PPD-21): Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience[7] identifies 16 critical infrastructure sectors:
- Chemical Sector
- Commercial Facilities Sector
- Communications Sector
- Critical Manufacturing Sector
- Dams Sector [8]
- Defense Industrial Base Sector
- Emergency Services Sector
- Energy Sector
- Financial Services Sector
- Food and Agriculture Sector
- Government Facilities Sector
- Healthcare and Public Health Sector
- Information Technology Sector
- Nuclear Reactors, Materials, and Waste Sector
- Transportation Systems Sector
- Water and Wastewater Systems Sector
Each sector falls under the responsibility of a designated Sector-Specific Agency (SSA).
Germany
In Germany, the following sectors (and industries) are assigned to critical infrastructures [9]:
- Transport and traffic (aviation, maritime shipping, inland waterway transport, rail traffic, road traffic, logistics)
- Energy (electricity, mineral oil, gas)
- Information technology and telecommunication (telecommunication, information technology)
- Finance and insurance sector (banks/financial institutes, insurance companies, financial service providers, stock exchanges)
- State and administration (government and administration, parliament, judicial institutions, emergency and rescue services including disaster control)
- Food (food industry, food trade)
- Water (public water supply, public wastewater disposal)
- Health (medical care, pharmaceuticals and vaccines, laboratories)
- Media and culture (broadcasting (television and radio), printed and electronic press, cultural assets, highly symbolic buildings)
See also
Notes
- ↑ E. Brunner, M. Suter, International CIIP Handbook 2008/2009: An Inventory of 25 National and 7 International Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Policies, A. Wenger, V. Mauer, M. Dunn (Eds.), CRN Handbooks, Vol. 4, no. 1, Center for Security Studies (CSS), Zurich, Switzerland, September 2008.
- ↑ Council Directive 2008/114/EC of 8 December 2008 on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection.
- ↑ 2009 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction, United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), Geneva, Switzerland, May 2009.
- ↑ Vitale infrastructuursectoren
- ↑ Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI)
- ↑ National Infrastructure Protection Plan, Partnering to enhance protection and resiliency, US Department of Homeland Security, 2009
- ↑ Presidential Policy Directive -- Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, PPD-21, 2013
- ↑ Note: The Dams Sector comprises dam projects, navigation locks, levees, hurricane barriers, mine tailings impoundments, and other similar water retention and/or control facilities. Dams are vital to the nation's infrastructure and provide a wide range of economic, environmental, and social benefits, including hydroelectric power, river navigation, water supply, flood control, and recreation.
- ↑ Unpublished working glossary of UP KRITIS and BSI, 2014