Difference between revisions of "Critical Infrastructure Sector"
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− | <big>The critical sectors which comprise Qatar's [[National Critical Infrastructure|national critical infrastructure]] include but are not restricted to | + | <big>The critical sectors which comprise Qatar's [[National Critical Infrastructure|national critical infrastructure]] include but are not restricted to <ref>[http://www.ictqatar.qa/en/file/14706/download?token=TP3dhTml QATAR National Cyber Security Strategy (May 2014)]</ref> <ref>[http://www.ictqatar.qa/en/file/14711/download?token=3QAJdSyz الاستراتيجية الوطنية للأمن السيبراني QATAR NCSS - Arabic version (May 2014)]</ref> : |
# Energy, Electricity, and Water | # Energy, Electricity, and Water | ||
# Finance | # Finance |
Revision as of 23:34, 11 June 2015
Each national or international strategy and policy identifies different categories of sectors that are considered to offer vital services and thus require protection. A 2008 survey examined the policies of 25 countries and identifies as the most frequently mentioned the following sectors:
- Banking and Finance
- Central Government / Government Services
- (Tele-)Communication / Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
- Emergency / Rescue Services
- Energy / Electricity
- Health Services
- Food
- Transportation / Logistics / Distribution
- Water (Supply)
The study comments that "these are the core sectors of modern societies, and possibly the areas where a large-scale interruption would be most devastating" [1].
Contents
Definitions
European Definitions
Council Directive 2008/114/EC
The EU directive identifies the following two sectors and their respective sub-sectors[2]:
I Energy
- Electricity: Infrastructures and facilities for generation and transmission of electricity in respect of supply electricity
- Oil: Oil production, refining, treatment, storage and transmission by pipelines
- Gas: (a) Gas production, refining, treatment, storage and transmission by pipelines, (b) LNG terminals
II Transport
- Road transport
- Rail transport
- Air transport
- Inland waterways transport
- Ocean & short sea shipping and ports
Other International Definitions
UNISDR
UNISDR presents the following examples of critical infrastructures:
National Definitions
Australia
Australia's national critical infrastructure is categorised by seven critical sectors [4]:
- Energy
- Water services
- Communications
- Transport
- Food Chain
- Health
- Banking & Finance
Austria
Austria's national critical infrastructure is categorised by thirteen critical sectors [5]:
- Energy
- ICT
- Water
- Food
- Health
- Finance
- Transport
- Chemical industry
- Research
- Constitutional institutions
- Social system
- Distribution system
- Search and Rescue
Belgium
Belgium's National Critical Infrastructure is categorised by four critical sectors [6]:
- Energy (electric power, oil, gas)
- Transport (road, rail, air, inland shipping, sea and ocean shipping & harbours)
- Financial sector
- Electronic Communication
Although another law applies, the Space sector is likewise treated as a Critical Infrastructure.
Canada
Canada's national infrastructure is categorised by ten critical sectors [7]:
- Health
- Food
- Finance
- Water
- Information and Communication Technology
- Safety
- Energy and utilities
- Manufacturing
- Government
- Transportation
Czech Republic
Czech Republic's national critical infrastructure is categorised by nine critical sectors [8]:
- Energy
- Water management
- Food industry and agriculture
- Health services
- Transport
- Communication and information systems
- Financial market and currency
- Emergency services
- Public administration
France
A critical infrastructure sector is defines as follows:
A non-official translation follows:
Below a list of the sectors and the responsible ministry can be found. [10] [11]. This is a non-official translation in English and the Ministry in charge may change name at each nomination of a new government.
Critical Sector | Responsible Ministry |
---|---|
Civil activities of the State | Ministry of Home Affairs |
Judicial activities | Ministry for Justice |
Military activities of the State | Ministry of Defence |
Power | Ministry for Agriculture |
Electronic communication, audiovisual and information | Ministry for Electronic communications |
Energy | Ministry for Energy |
Space and Research | Ministry of Research |
Finance | Ministry of the Economy and Finance |
Water management | Ministry for Ecology |
Industry | Ministry for Industry |
Health | Ministry of Health |
Transport | Ministry of Transport |
Germany
In Germany, the following sectors (and industries) are assigned to critical infrastructures [12]:
- Transport and traffic (aviation, maritime shipping, inland waterway transport, rail traffic, road traffic, logistics)
- Energy (electricity, mineral oil, gas)
- Information technology and telecommunication (telecommunication, information technology)
- Finance and insurance sector (banks/financial institutes, insurance companies, financial service providers, stock exchanges)
- State and administration (government and administration, parliament, judicial institutions, emergency and rescue services including disaster control)
- Food (food industry, food trade)
- Water (public water supply, public waste water disposal)
- Health (medical care, pharmaceuticals and vaccines, laboratories)
- Media and culture (broadcasting (television and radio), printed and electronic press, cultural assets, highly symbolic buildings)
Netherlands
The 2015 Critical Infrastructure review [13] redefined the Dutch critical infrastructure sectors and the critical products and services:
Critical Processes | Category | Product, service or location | Sector | Responsible Ministry |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nation-wide power transmission and distribution | A | Power | Energy | Economic Affairs |
Regional power distribution | B | |||
Gas production & nation-wide gas transport and distribution | A | Gas | ||
Regional gas distribution | B | |||
ICT - internet access and data transport, voice, satellite, time & navigation | t.b.d. | ICT/Telecom | Economic Affairs | |
Drinking water | A | Drinking water | Drinking water | Infrastructure and the Environment |
Stemming and managing water quantity | A | (part of) primary water works, (part of) regional water works | Water | Infrastructure and the Environment |
Air traffic control and Flight & air craft handling | B | Mainport Schiphol | Transport | Infrastructure and the Environment |
Shipping | B | Mainport Rotterdam | ||
Large scale production, processing and/or storage of (petro)chemical substances | B | (petro)chemical industry | Chemical | Infrastructure and the Environment |
Storage, production and processing of nuclear materials | A | Nuclear industry | Nuclear | Infrastructure and the Environment |
Retail payments | B | Payment infrastructure | Financial | Finances |
Massive electronic payments (giraal betalingsverkeer) | B | |||
Inter bank transactions | B | |||
Stock transactions | B | |||
Emergency services communication (1-1-2 and C2000) | B | Public order and Safety | Public order and Safety (OOV) | Security and Justice |
Deployment of Police | B | |||
Availability of integer base information set about persons, organisations, information exchange between base data sets and availability of data systems in operation for critical processes of multiple government agencies | B | Digital government (under review) | Public Administration | The Interior and Kingdom Relations |
Netherlands' national infrastructure was (2005 definition) categorised by twelve critical sectors and 31 subsectors [14]:
- Energy: electric power, gas, and oil
- Telecommunications and IT: fixed and mobile communications, radio, broadcasting, and internet
- Drinking water (supply)
- Food: food supply, and food safety
- Health: emergency and other hospital care, medicines, and vaccines
- Financial services: payments (bank retail), and financial transfers by the Administration
- Surface water: water quality and water quantity (stemming and managing)
- Public order and safety
- Legal order/justice: courts and detention, and law enforcement
- Public administration: diplomacy, information services by the Administration, defence, and decision-making
- Transport: mainport Schiphol, mainport Rotterdam, main road infrastructure, main inland shipping infrastructure, and rail infrastructure
- Chemical and nuclear industry: transport, storage, production, and processing of dangerous materials
Each critical sector falls under the responsibility of a designated ministry.
Norway
Norway distinguishes six critical infrastructures and eleven critical societal functions.
Critical infrastructures:
- Electric Power
- Electronic communications
- Water supply and Sewage
- Transport
- Oil and Gas
- Satellite-based infrastructure
Critical Societal Functions:
- Banking and Finance
- Food Supply
- Health Services, Social Services and Social Security Benefit
- Police
- Emergency and Rescue Services
- Crisis Management
- Parliament and Government
- The Judiciary
- Defence
- Environmental Surveillance
- Waste Treatment
Qatar
The critical sectors which comprise Qatar's national critical infrastructure include but are not restricted to [15] [16] :
- Energy, Electricity, and Water
- Finance
- Government
- Healthcare
- Information and Communications Technology
- Transportation
Republic of Trinidad & Tobago
The national cyber security strategy recognizes the following critical (information) infrastructure sectors [17]:
- Banking and financial services
- Communications infrastructure
- Public health
- Public safety
- Public transportation
- Key infrastructure
Spain
Spains' national infrastructure is currently categorised by twelve critical sectors[18]:
- Administration
- Chemical Industry
- Energy
- Financial and Tax System
- Food Supply Chain
- Health
- Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
- Nuclear Industry
- Research Laboratories
- Space
- Transport
- Water
Sweden
Swedens' national infrastructure is currently categorised by eleven critical sectors providing a set of critical societal functions:
- Energy Supply
- Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
- Financial Services
- Social Insurances
- Public Health, medical services and special social services
- Protection, Security and Safety
- Transport
- Municipal Services
- Food
- Trade and Industry
- Public Administration (governance, support functions, service sector)
Switzerland
Switzerlands' national infrastructure is currently categorised by ten critical sectors and 28 subsectors which are subcategorised very high critical, high critical and regular critical [19]:
- Energy: natural gas supply, oil supply, and power supply
- Financial services: banks, and insurance companies
- Information- & communication technologies (ICT): information technology, media, and telecommunication
- Industry: chemical and pharmaceutical industry, and mechanical and electrical engineering industries
- Public administration: foreign representations and headquarters of international organisations; national cultural property; parliament, government, justice, administration; research institutes
- Public health: medical care and hospitals; laboratories
- Public safety: armed forces; civil defense ;emergency organizations (police, fire service, emergency medical service and rescue services)
- Transport: air transport, water transport, postal services, rail transport, road transport
- Water and food: food supply, drinking water supply
- Waste disposal: waste, waste water
Turkey
Turkey's national infrastructure is currently categorised by five critical sectors [20]:
- Energy
- Manufacturing
- Water management
- Transportation
- Telecommunication
The Turkish security council has decided that Banking and Finance as well as Critical Public Services need to be added to this list, but that has not happened yet.
United Kingdom (UK)
UK's national infrastructure is categorised into nine sectors [21]:
- communications
- emergency services
- energy
- financial services
- food
- government
- health
- transport
- water
United States
The 2009 NIPP [22] defines a sector as
Presidential Policy Directive 21 (PPD-21): Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience[23] identifies 16 critical infrastructure sectors:
- Chemical Sector
- Commercial Facilities Sector
- Communications Sector
- Critical Manufacturing Sector
- Dams Sector [24]
- Defense Industrial Base Sector
- Emergency Services Sector
- Energy Sector
- Financial Services Sector
- Food and Agriculture Sector
- Government Facilities Sector
- Healthcare and Public Health Sector
- Information Technology Sector
- Nuclear Reactors, Materials, and Waste Sector
- Transportation Systems Sector
- Water and Wastewater Systems Sector
Each sector falls under the responsibility of a designated Sector-Specific Agency (SSA).
See also
Notes
- ↑ E. Brunner, M. Suter, International CIIP Handbook 2008/2009: An Inventory of 25 National and 7 International Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Policies, A. Wenger, V. Mauer, M. Dunn (Eds.), CRN Handbooks, Vol. 4, no. 1, Center for Security Studies (CSS), Zurich, Switzerland, September 2008.
- ↑ Council Directive 2008/114/EC of 8 December 2008 on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection.
- ↑ 2009 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction, United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), Geneva, Switzerland, May 2009.
- ↑ http://www.tisn.gov.au/Documents/Australian+Government+s+Critical+Infrastructure+Resilience+Strategy.pdf Critical Infrastructure Resilience Strategy]
- ↑ APCIP
- ↑ Service Public Fédéral Intérieur/Federale Overheidsdienst Binnenlandse Zaken F./N. 2011-1799; C-2011/00399 (2011)
- ↑ http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/ntnl-scrt/crtcl-nfrstrctr/index-eng.aspx Public Safety Canada - Critical Infrastructure]
- ↑ Crisis management act
- ↑ INSTRUCTION GENERALE INTERMINISTERIELLE RELATIVE A LA SECURITE DES ACTIVITES D’IMPORTANCE VITALE N°6600/SGDSN/PSE/PSN du 7 janvier 2014, PREMIER MINISTRE, SECRETARIAT GENERAL DE LA DEFENSE ET DE LA SECURITE NATIONALE, Direction Protection et Sécurité de l’Etat N° NOR: PRMD1400503J
- ↑ Arrêté du 3 juillet 2008 portant modification de l’arrêté du 2 juin 2006 fixant la liste des secteurs d’activités d’importance vitale et désignant les ministres coordonnateurs desdits secteurs. JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE N°0156 du 5 juillet 2008, NOR : PRMD0813724A.
- ↑ [http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jopdf/common/jo_pdf.jsp?numJO=0&dateJO=20060604&numTexte=1&pageDebut=08502&pageFin=08502 Arrêté du 2 juin 2006 fixant la liste des secteurs d’activités d’importance vitale et désignant les ministres coordonnateurs desdits secteurs. JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE N°0129 du 4 juin 2006, NOR : PRMX0609332A ]
- ↑ Unpublished working glossary of UP KRITIS and BSI, 2014
- ↑ https://www.nctv.nl/actueel/nieuws/kabinet-versterkt-crisisbeheersing.aspx?cp=126&cs=59950 Voortgangsbrief nationale veiligheid 9 april 2015
- ↑ Vitale infrastructuursectoren
- ↑ QATAR National Cyber Security Strategy (May 2014)
- ↑ الاستراتيجية الوطنية للأمن السيبراني QATAR NCSS - Arabic version (May 2014)
- ↑ Government of the Republic of Trinidad & Tobago, National Cyber Security Strategy (December 2012)
- ↑ CNPIC
- ↑ The Swiss Programme on Critical Infrastructure Protection - factsheet
- ↑ <http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/10/20111018-4.htm Decree no. 2011/2237 on the Regulation Amending the Regulation on Military Forbidden Zones and Security Zones, 18-10-2011
- ↑ Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI)
- ↑ National Infrastructure Protection Plan, Partnering to enhance protection and resiliency, US Department of Homeland Security, 2009
- ↑ Presidential Policy Directive -- Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, PPD-21, 2013
- ↑ Note: The Dams Sector comprises dam projects, navigation locks, levees, hurricane barriers, mine tailings impoundments, and other similar water retention and/or control facilities. Dams are vital to the nation's infrastructure and provide a wide range of economic, environmental, and social benefits, including hydroelectric power, river navigation, water supply, flood control, and recreation.