Cyber-physical

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Definitions

National Definitions

Italy

Sistema informatico che gestisce e controlla entità fisiche in settori quali le infrastrutture civili, il settore aerospaziale, dei transporti, sanitario, energico e dei processi produttivi. [1]

A cyber-physical system (CPS) is defined as ICT and computer systems supporting, managing and supervising physical assets. [2]



United Kingdom (UK)

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are systems with integrated computational and physical components; ‘smart’ systems. [3]


United States

Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are an emerging new category of interconnected real-time complex but controllable technical systems which incorporate both discrete symbolic computation and continuous physical processes in a sophisticated manner. Conceptually CPS deeply and widely embeds cyber in a mix of humans, hardware, infrastructure, and natural elements to sense, control, and actuate physical world behaviour [4]. The innovation of the technologies in the cyber part (control systems) plays a key role to bring intelligent and reliable behaviours of the whole system.


Academic Definitions

A cyber-physical system (CPS) is a system of collaborating computational elements controlling physical entities. [5]


A cyber-physical system (CPS) is an integration of computation with physical processes. [6]

According to this source the term "cyber-physical systems" emerged around 2006, when it was coined by Helen Gill at the National Science Foundation in the United States.

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